Less-frequently-used preservative ingredients are now coming to the fore
If there is any water present in a cosmetic product it will be prone to microbial spoilage unless it is self-preserving, or contains one or more ingredients that will inhibit microbial growth. If the product is to be sold within Europe any preservative added to the product should be listed in Annex V of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009. This lists nearly 60 permitted preservatives. However, less than half are in current use and if formaldehyde donors, halides and isothiazolinones are avoided only organic acids, parabens, phenoxyethanol and benzyl and dichlorobenzyl alcohols remain.
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